Coal was needed for two things: steamships and railroads. The growth of these sectors is shown below.
Reference 1: Number of steamships.
Reference 2: 1873, 1894, 1904 and 1913.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration
Reference 2: 1873, 1894, 1904 and 1913.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration